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The virtues

Intellectual virtue

1

These are quite common virtue goals within educational organisations. 

2

We often refer to developing reasoning and reflection with our students in academic terms, but these are vital personal traits to develop and practise for personal and interpersonal relationships.

3

Autonomy is an important virtue for helping people feel empowered and taking ownership of situations. This is something that us as teachers can help develop explicitly or implicitly.

4

In our society truth and justice are inculcated from an early age in education. This is then developed to become more sophisticated as we become aware of different truths and explore differing forms of justice. As a teacher you will come across situations that are ‘just’ and ‘un-just’. Developing the virtues to deal with this is important.

What are intellectual virtues?

Character traits necessary for discernment, right action and the pursuit of knowledge, truth and understanding

Examples

  • Autonomy
  • Critical thinking
  • Curiosity
  • Judgement and reasoning
  • Reflection
  • Resourcefulness

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Question 1

How could you develop daily opportunities to develop reflection within your students?

Question 2

Does this virtue have to be based in academic achievement?

Question 3

How does reflective practice help you as a practitioner?

Question 4

How did you feel the last time you were given autonomy over important or valued decisions?

Question 5

How would you explain ‘truth’ as a virtue to your students?


Moral virtues

1

All other virtues need to be anchored in this strand. This is because you may have other virtues, such as resilience or motivation used in criminal behaviour if not grounded in moral virtue.

2

Enables ‘pro-social’ behaviours. Develops the sense of what is right for the individual, but also what is right for others.

3

Moral dilemmas are present in schools all the time, so exploring compassion, humility and integrity is important for all involved within the organisation, not just students. As a teacher you may well be presented with a moral dilemma that involves colleagues.

4

One of the challenges with moral virtue is that we all have a different idea of morality through our experiences, background and thoughts etc. In schools there needs to be a shared idea, driven by the leadership, about how important the virtues of honesty, justice, compassion and gratitude are for example.

What are moral virtues?

Character traits that enable us to act well in situations that require an ethical response.

Examples

  • Compassion
  • Gratitude
  • Honesty
  • Humility
  • Integrity
  • Justice

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Question 1

Why can discussing morals and morality be so difficult?

Question 2

Through your teaching practice, have you thought about how these examples of moral virtue fit within you?

Question 3

How have you dealt with moral dilemmas during your life and will this need to change now you are teaching?

Question 4

Can you think of any ways in which you could explicitly help students to practise solving moral dilemmas? e.g. telling stories or drama?


Civic virtues

1

Important for the common good. There is an expectation on students to behave in a certain way and display positive attitudes to learning - these are examples of contributing to the common good on a daily basis within schools. 

2

Covered through academic subjects: PSHE, Citizenship. However, there are many opportunities for non-academic, sought out examples that students can be involved in. Charitable causes, play leaders, school council etc. All of these are powerful examples of how our society works positively for the benefit of all.

3

Non-academic opportunities help develop this virtue: volunteering, service etc.

What are civic virtues?

Character traits that are necessary for engaged, responsible citizenship, contributing to the common good.

Examples

  • Citizenship
  • Civility
  • Community awareness
  • Neighbourliness
  • Service
  • Volunteering

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Question 1

Is becoming a teacher a good example of civic virtue?

Question 2

How do your school leaders foster a positive sense of community amongst parents?

Question 3

How do you explore the common good as a goal for your students, especially when this will be competing against their own interests?

Question 4

PSHE and Citizenship are taught examples of civic virtue - what sought examples could you use?


Performance virtues

1

These are widely used virtues in educational settings. We often talk about motivation, resilience and determination with our students. These virtues are often instrumental in enabling other virtues.

2

Often these are directed at achieving academic outcomes, but they have a place in personal development.

3

People need to have the confidence to take their place in society, knowing that they are contributing and making positive personal and social choices.

4

Living a life puts challenges in our way that we try and overcome. Developing the resilience to cope with these challenges and to try again is seen in schools everyday. We encourage our students to always try again.

5

Teachers need resilience. Our profession is full of challenges that can occur everyday. We need to think about our resilience and determination so that we can overcome challenges and provide the best for our students.

What are perfomance virtues?

Character traits that have an instrumental value in enabling the intellectual, moral and civic virtues.

Examples

  • Confidence
  • Determination
  • Motivation
  • Perseverance
  • Resilience
  • Teamwork

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Question 1

Why are resilience and determination such important and well used virtues in education?

Question 2

During your training as a teacher you will have demonstrated the use of all these virtues to your students - how did you do this?

Question 3

How have you overcome confidence and resilience issues in your life?

Question 4

How do we maintain our motivation when things are difficult for us as teachers, but we still need to provide the best chances for our students to succeed?